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Autumn leaf senescence in temperate and boreal woody species under changing climate
Kosová, Barbora ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Konrádová, Hana (referee)
Autumn senescence of the foliage of deciduous trees of temperate and boreal zones is an annually recurring phenological phenomenon, which is part of the adaptation to life in the temperate and boreal zones with periods of frost and restriction of solar radiation. During foliar senescence, photosynthetic pigments decompose, mineral nutrients are remobilized and foliage falls off. The timing of foliage senescence in boreal and temperate deciduous trees is controlled by external and internal factors. The biggest role in the timing of senescence is played by photoperiod and temperature, which gradually decrease by he end of the growing season. The temperature is increasing due to global warming, thus affecting the length of the growing season and the sequestration of carbon into forest stands. Other factors (such as water availability) are also affected by climate change. The above-mentioned factors affect the trees of boreal and temperate forests to varying degrees, and it is, therefore, important to address them in order to be able to estimate the future development of foliage senescence and carbon sequestration in temperate and boreal forests.
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Effects of Climate change on root dynamics in temperate forests
Růžičková, Kateřina ; Bouda, Martin (advisor) ; Stiblíková, Pavlína (referee)
Fine roots contribute significantly to the global carbon and water cycle. Their dynamics and changes that may occur are therefore key players in these processes. Climate change significantly affects the dynamics of fine roots, and since individual factors are in interaction and may also function against each other, the overall response of the root system to climate change is difficult to predict. However, understanding these processes is essential for creating more accurate models to predict the response of ecosystems to a changing climate. This bachelor's project is a literature review that summarizes the knowledge about the effects of elevated temperature, CO2 concentration and drought on the dynamics of fine roots in temperate forests. Also, it provides a comprehensive view of the interaction of all three factors and considers some issues open for further research.
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